Bijan killing the wild boars of Irman, from a Shah-nama (Book of Kings) of Firdausi (Persian, about 934–1020), (recto)

Text of Rustam and Suhrab, from the Shah-nama of Firdausi (Persian, c. 934–1020) (verso)

India, Bijapur, Deccan

Text of Rustam and Suhrab, from the Shah-nama of Firdausi (Persian, c. 934–1020) (recto)

India, Bijapur, Deccan

From Dohras (Songs) 40 and 42 from the Kitab-i Nauras (Book of Nine Essences) of Sultan Ibrahim Adil Shah II of Bijapur (r. 1580–1627) (recto)

Khalilullah Butshikan

From Dohras (Songs) 40 and 42 from the Kitab-i Nauras (Book of Nine Essences) of Sultan Ibrahim Adil Shah II of Bijapur (r. 1580–1627); verso: From Dohras (Songs) 40 and 36 from the Kitab-i Nauras of Sultan Ibrahim Adil Shah II

Khalilullah Butshikan

From Dohras (Songs) 40 and 36 from the Kitab-i Nauras of Sultan Ibrahim Adil Shah II (verso)

Khalilullah Butshikan

Calligraphy (verso)

India, Deccan, 17th century

Calligraphy of a Pious Invocation in Rhyme (verso)

India, Mughal, 16th century

Page from the Mirror of Holiness (Mir’at al-quds)

Abd al-Rahim, the Anbarin-Qalam

Page from Tales of a Parrot (Tuti-nama): text page

Mughal India, court of Akbar (reigned 1556–1605)

Page from Tales of a Parrot (Tuti-nama): text page

Mughal India, court of Akbar (reigned 1556–1605)

Page from Tales of a Parrot (Tuti-nama): text page

Mughal India, court of Akbar (reigned 1556–1605)

Page from Tales of a Parrot (Tuti-nama): text page

Mughal India, court of Akbar (reigned 1556–1605)